Organisational Behaviour Literature Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Organisational Behaviour - Literature review Example Organisation works as a purposeful collection of people brought together to reach a desired outcome, that is, to achieve the organisational objectives (Kaliski, 2001, p.445). The outcome of the activity may vary from providing a service to producing a product or accumulation of wealth. The process for achieving the goals requires the organisations to formulate various strategies that determine the reporting, task allocation, coordination, and interaction techniques. The foundational values and behaviours are carried along with the development of the organisation, and these elements later turn out to be the cultural effects of the organisation. The culture of an organisation decides how the organisation is going to operate in its business environment, and also about the desired objectives. Therefore understanding the organisational behaviour enables a person to understand the organisational behaviour better. It also helps in analysing the role of employee in the organisational culture . Organisational behaviour has been a well studied subject over the years by student, researchers, and mainly by organisational managements, as a general theory and scholarly research in organisational management. ... Humans are the most valuable assets of an organisation, without them it cannot carry out its everyday business function (Kaliski, 2001, p.445). Therefore, the human resource managers are often asked to find the most effective methods to motivate the employees in their work to achieve the maximum job satisfaction. Organisational behaviour makes use of the information and interprets the findings for the purpose of canalising the behaviour of an individual and the group into an expected result. Achievement of the organisational as well as individual goals depends on the two basic elements; performance of the employees and job satisfaction. Therefore, organisations, in this competitive world, must focus on growth-oriented operations. Organisational behaviour is a comprehensive area that integrates several behavioural sciences such as sociology, psychology, economics, etc in order to find out the extent to which human behaviour contributes to the organisational growth and greater efficien cy. Modern organisations, regardless of their size or nature, emphasise on HR as their major focus of strategic interest. The exceeding significance on this area is attributed to numerous motivational theories which brought forth the idea that employees’ level of performance is highly associated with their level of motivation. As the employees’ perspectives on reward vary, it will be unfair if an organization designs its reward system solely based on fiscal aspects. Usually the reward devise in an organisation is influenced by the managers’ performance assessment. One might admit that there are various factors which disturb the performance-reward equation. For instance, the quality of leadership and organisational structure are highly

Integrated academic report-the innovation and change of Apple.Inc Essay

Integrated academic report-the innovation and change of Apple.Inc - Essay Example Apple has faced lots of ups and downs their corporate history; however, they were able to overcome all the challenges with the help of carefully planned business strategies. During the latter part of 1990 and at the beginning of 2000, Apple has introduced many innovative products like iPhone, iMac, iPad, iPod, iTunes etc in the market. All these products helped Apple to regain its lost place in the market. Apple delivers more than what they promise which is the major reason for the popularity of Apple brand all over the world. Even though Apple succeeded in grabbing the spot from Microsoft as the most valued technology company in the world, they need to continue their innovation and change management process in order to sustain their top place in the market. Apple’s current business strategies are rotating around their charismatic leader Steve Jobs and once Steve decides to quit, Apple may face lot of leadership troubles. This report briefly analyses the innovation and change management process implemented in Apple which helped Apple to attain the top spot in the market. Introduction â€Å"Apple was founded in Cupertino, California on April 1, 1976 by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Ronald Wayne† (Apple Inc. History, 2008). The 35 years of Apple’s history is mixed with ups and downs. The company faced major challenges in the 1990’s when their major competitor Microsoft introduced their Window based operating system in the market. However, Apple was able to bounce back in the beginning of the twenty first century with the help of innovation and change management principles implemented in the organization. Apple Inc caught the attention of the public recently when they surpass Microsoft in market capitalization. Apple Company is currently operating internationally and has more than 200 retail stores in different countries. Apple’s need for innovation General imperatives in computer industry sector Computer industry is mainly dominated by some big players like Microsoft, Apple, IBM, Motorola, Linux etc. The operating system industry is monopolized by the Microsoft whereas the personal computer manufacturing is controlled by the IBM. The tie up between IBM and Microsoft helped both the companies immensely in controlling a substantial